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快速冷耐受比冷驯化更能提高越冬松针瘿蚊 (Thecodiplosis japonensis)幼虫的耐寒力(英文) 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
松针瘿蚊以三龄老熟幼虫在浅层土表越冬。本文比较两种温度处理过程 ,快速冷耐受 (rapidcoldhardening)和冷驯化 (coldacclimation)对松针瘿蚊获得耐寒性的能力。发现 3龄越冬幼虫具有一种特殊的生物学现象 -快速冷耐受。当越冬幼虫直接从 2 7℃转入 - 1 5℃ 3小时 ,其存活率仅为 1 7 9% ,然而在 - 1 5℃暴露之前 ,经 4℃ ,2h短暂处理 ,其存活率升高至 40 0 % ,而短时间 (1 5分钟 ) 2 7℃能抑制快速冷耐受的表达。快速冷耐受比冷驯化更能提高越冬松针瘿蚊幼虫的耐寒力。文中还讨论了快速冷耐受和冷驯化提高松针瘿蚊耐寒能力的不同机制 相似文献
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Growth and pectate lyase production by Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora MFCL0 were optimal at 28 °C and 14 °C, respectively. Although cold conditions (8 °C ) have retarded bacterial growth, low temperatures were not sufficient to prevent enzyme production but can be combined with a low pH (5.2) to protect vegetables against this phytopathogen. 相似文献
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Low-temperature resistance in Polylepis tarapacana, a tree growing at the highest altitudes in the world 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
F. Rada C. García-Núñez C. Boero M. Gallardo M. Hilal J. González F. Prado M. Liberman-Cruz & A. Azócar 《Plant, cell & environment》2001,24(3):377-381
The Polylepis tarapacana forests found in Bolivia are unique with respect to their altitudinal distribution (4200–5200 m). Given the extreme environmental conditions that characterize these altitudes, this species has to rely on distinct mechanisms to survive stressful temperatures. The purpose of this study was to determine low‐temperature resistance mechanisms in P. tarapacana. Tissue was sampled for carbohydrate and proline contents and micro‐climatic measurements were made at two altitudes, 4300 and 4850 m, during both the dry cold and wet warm seasons. Supercooling capacity (?3 to ?6 °C for the cold dry and ?7 to ?9 °C for the wet warm season) and injury temperatures (?18 to ?23 °C for both seasons), determined in the laboratory, indicate that P. tarapacana is a frost‐tolerant species. On the other hand, an increase in supercooling capacity, as the result of significant increase in total soluble sugar and proline contents, occurs during the wet warm season as a consequence of higher metabolic activity. Hence, P. tarapacana, a frost‐tolerant species during the colder unfavourable season, is able to avoid freezing during the more favourable season when minimum night‐time temperatures are not as extreme. 相似文献
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Survival and tolerance at cold temperatures, the differentially expressed cellular proteins, and cholera toxin (CTX) production were evaluated in Vibrio cholerae O1. Rapid loss of culturability and change to distinct coccoid morphology occurred when cultures of V. cholerae O1 were exposed to 5°C directly from 35°C. Also, cultures of V. cholerae first exposed to 15°C for 2 h and then maintained at 5°C failed to exhibit an adaptive response, instead a rapid loss of viable plate count was noticed. Results from Western blot experiments revealed the absence of a major cold shock protein, CS7.4. Also, a decreased level of CTX was noticed in V. cholerae O1 cultures exposed to 5 or 15°C after first being exposed to 15°C for 2 h, followed by transfer to 5°C. Reduced expression of CTX at cold temperatures, compared to the cultures maintained at 35°C, may be a result of decreased cellular metabolic activity. When V. cholerae O1 cultures were exposed to 15°C for 2 h, elevated expressions of 8, 26 and 194 kDa, and decreased expression of 28 and 183 kDa proteins occurred. It is suggested that these differentially expressed cold-responsive proteins are involved in regulating culturability and conversion to a coccoid cell morphology in V. cholerae O1. 相似文献
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Abstract: The effects of cold acclimation on primary metabolism in actively growing poplar ( Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michaux) were studied. Three-month-old poplar plants were exposed to chilling stress (4 °C) and compared to plant material kept at a control temperature (23 °C). This treatment did not affect the survival of the plants but growth was almost stopped. The freezing tolerance of the adult leaves increased from - 5.7 °C for the control plants to - 9.8 °C after 14 days of exposure to 4 °C. During acclimation, the evolution of soluble carbohydrate contents was followed in the leaves. Sucrose, glucose, fructose and trehalose accumulated rapidly under chilling conditions, while raffinose content increased after one week at 4 °C. Proteomic analyses, by bidimensional electrophoresis, performed during this stage revealed that a large number of proteins had higher expression, while much less proteins disappeared or had a lower abundance. MALDI-TOF-MS analyses enabled ca. 30 spots to be proposed for candidate proteins. Among the accumulating or appearing proteins proposed, about a third presented similarities with chaperone-like proteins (heat shock proteins, chaperonins). In addition, dehydrins and other late embryogenesis abundant proteins, i.e., stress-responsive proteins, detoxifying enzymes, proteins involved in stress signalling and transduction pathways were also activated or newly synthesised. Finally, cold exposure induced a decrease in the candidate proteins involved in cell wall or energy production. 相似文献